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The tunnels filled with 250million US gallons (1,000,000m3) of water, affecting buildings throughout the district and forcing a shutdown of electrical power. [253], Sporting News named Chicago the "Best Sports City" in the United States in 1993, 2006, and 2010. In 2017, Chicago exchanges traded 4.7billion derivatives with a face value of over one quadrillion dollars. It is home to a population of around 5.54 million individuals. The team was founded before the 2006 WNBA season began. [107], Major sections of the city include the central business district, called The Loop, and the North, South, and West Sides. As the major meat companies grew in Chicago many, such as Armour and Company, created global enterprises. Chicago is also the location of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and the Lyric Opera of Chicago. [70][71], During World War I and the 1920s there was a major expansion in industry. [278] For much of the 20th century, Chicago has been among the largest and most reliable Democratic strongholds in the United States; with Chicago's Democratic vote the state of Illinois has been "solid blue" in presidential elections since 1992. Home to more than 200 professional dance companies including the Joffrey Ballet and Hubbard Street Dance Chicago, Chicago delivers a packed calendar of performances on downtown stages and in neighborhood venues and parks. Because of the dominance of the Democratic Party in Chicago, the Democratic primary vote held in the spring is generally more significant than the general elections in November for U.S. House and Illinois State seats. The Chicago Marathon is one of six World Marathon Majors. [citation needed] Since the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, four large companies left the Chicago area, Boeing left to focus on its defense contracts, Caterpillar, and Tyson Foods left to consolidate operations, and Citadel LLC cited crime-related factors. The Chicago suburb of Oak Park was home to famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright, who had designed The Robie House located near the University of Chicago. An informal name for the entire Chicago metropolitan area is "Chicagoland", which generally means the city and all its suburbs. They play home games at the Wintrust Arena. [3] By ethnicity, 28.8% of the total population is Hispanic-Latino (of any race) and 71.2% is Non-Hispanic (of any race). [199], Manufacturing, printing, publishing, and food processing also play major roles in the city's economy. [140][143] Most of the city's rainfall is brought by thunderstorms, averaging 38 a year. 2010 U.S.Religion Census: Religious Congregations & Membership Study. Chicago has several other contemporary and jazz dance troupes, such as the Hubbard Street Dance Chicago and Chicago Dance Crash. [361] Like Chicago, many of them are the main city of a country that has had large numbers of immigrants settle in Chicago. [230], In 2013, Chicago was chosen as one of the "Top Ten Cities in the United States" to visit for its restaurants, skyscrapers, museums, and waterfront, by the readers of Cond Nast Traveler,[231][232] and in 2020 for the fourth year in a row, Chicago was named the top U.S. city tourism destination. Between 1910 and 1930, the African American population of Chicago increased dramatically, from 44,103 to 233,903. views about abortion by metro area, Learn More: views about abortion, Legal in all/most cases, Illegal in all/most cases, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say homosexuality, Compare: [183] Many international religious leaders have visited Chicago, including Mother Teresa, the Dalai Lama[184] and Pope John PaulII in 1979.[185]. "[22] Swedish influence is evident in Andersonville on the far north side. [169][170] Since the 2013 legalization of same-sex marriage in Illinois, over 10,000 same-sex couples have wed in Cook County, a majority of them in Chicago. [131], There are preliminary plans to erect a 1:1scale replica of Wacaw Szymanowski's Art Nouveau statue of Frdric Chopin found in Warsaw's Royal Baths along Chicago's lakefront in addition to a different sculpture commemorating the artist in Chopin Park for the 200th anniversary of Frdric Chopin's birth. What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. [301] According to the FBI, St. Louis, New Orleans, Detroit, and Baltimore had the highest murder rate along with several other cities. [citation needed]. THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO Spring 2016 Campus Climate Survey: Religion 5 Table 2: Religious Identity Groupings Use in Report Status Category Students Academics Staff Religious Affiliation Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Atheist 587 14% 163 16% 228 8% Christian 1,070 25% 214 21% 1,154 38% Jewish 238 6% 94 9% 87 3% Muslim 73 2% 6 1% 20 1% The vast majority of Chicago Hispanics are of Mexican descent. It produced the first American publication for homosexuals, Friendship and Freedom. While the genre was pioneered by Throbbing Gristle in the late 70s, the genre was largely started in the United Kingdom, with the Chicago-based record label Wax Trax! [19] There are approximately 14,000 Ukrainians living within the Chicago city limits. Households with a computer, percent, 2017-2021. Among denominational Protestant branches, Baptists formed the largest group in Chicago (10%); followed by Nondenominational (5%); Lutherans (4%); and Pentecostals (3%). [269] A number of Chicago neighborhoods emerged along these roadways in the 19th century. [204] In 2022, Kellogg's announced that the new spin-off of its snack business will move to the Chicago area,[205] and Google announced a major real estate acquisition and expansion in the Loop.[206]. [citation needed] Lane is one of the oldest schools in Chicago and in 2012 was designated a National Blue Ribbon School by the U.S. Department of Education. Visit ChooseChicago.com, Chicago's Official Tourism Website. [25], The city has had several nicknames throughout its history, such as the Windy City, Chi-Town, Second City, and City of the Big Shoulders. It includes Rush University Medical Center, ranked as the second best hospital in the Chicago metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report for 201416, the University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Jesse Brown VA Hospital, and John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, one of the busiest trauma centers in the nation.[357]. Illinois. [351], Electricity for most of northern Illinois is provided by Commonwealth Edison, also known as ComEd. In 2019, the team announced a move back to Soldier Field. [270] The Chicago Park Boulevard System Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2018. Additionally, Chicago is one of the eight cities in the United States to have won championships in the four major professional leagues and, along with Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia and Washington, is one of five cities to have won soccer championships as well. The entertainment and cultural magazine Time Out Chicago and GRAB magazine are also published in the city, as well as local music magazine Chicago Innerview. Chicago is also home to the Barack Obama Presidential Center being built in Hyde Park on the city's South Side. When founded in 1833, fewer than 200 people had settled on what was then the American frontier. Population estimates in 2008 put the number of people in the city proper at 2,853,114, while suburban populations continue to grow, with estimates at 9,785,747 for the combined city and suburbs. Three of the most heavily Catholic cities also are the nations three largest cities. Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2017-2021. It is the third largest city and metropolitan area in the United States by population, and the city was home to over 2.7 million people in 2020, accounting for over 25% of the population in the Chicago metropolitan area; home to approximately 9.6 million. He created Lincoln Park by closing a cemetery filled with shallow graves, and in 1867, in response to an outbreak of cholera he helped establish a new Chicago Board of Health. The American Medical Association, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education, American Osteopathic Association, American Dental Association, Academy of General Dentistry, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, American College of Surgeons, American Society for Clinical Pathology, American College of Healthcare Executives, the American Hospital Association and Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association are all based in Chicago. [268] The building of the boulevard system continued intermittently until 1942. importance of religion by metro area, Learn More: importance of religion in one's life, Very important, Somewhat important, Not too important, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who attend religious services, Compare: Racial Makeup of Chicago excluding Hispanics from Racial Categories (2021)[3]NH=Non-Hispanic, Racial Makeup of Hispanics in Chicago (2021)[3], According to 2021 US Census Bureau American Community Survey one-year estimates (which is conducted annually for cities over 65,000 via sampling), the population of Chicago, Illinois was 36.1% White (32.9% Non-Hispanic White and 3.2% Hispanic White), 28.5% Black or African American, 6.9% Asian, 1.1% Native American and Alaskan Native, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 13.1% Some Other Race, and 14.2% from two or more races. Jackson Park offers more than 500 acres of mature parkland along the lakefront, containing flower gardens, watercourses to wooded isles, sports facilities, stocked fish ponds, 18 miles of walking and biking pathsand it's the future site of the Barack Obama Presidential Center. In 1893, Chicago hosted the World's Columbian Exposition on former marshland at the present location of Jackson Park. ), Christian Churches and Churches of Christ, Conservative Congregational Christian Conference, Other Congregationalist (Evangelical Trad. Lincoln Park, on Chicagos North Side, attracts 20 million visitors annually. In the summer of 2016, Navy Pier constructed a DW60 Ferris wheel. Many other architects have left their impression on the Chicago skyline such as Daniel Burnham, Louis Sullivan, Charles B. Atwood, John Root, and Helmut Jahn. There are 31 sand beaches, a plethora of museums, two world-class conservatories, and 50 nature areas. ", "As feds help Chicago on guns, Trump aide says city's crime more about 'morality', "Heroin Pushed on Chicago by Cartel Fueling Gang Murders", "Probing Ties Between Mexican Cartel And Chicago's Violence", "Rahm Emanuel's performance as Chicago mayor", "Chicago's Murder Rate Double American Soldiers Killed in Iraq", "Illinois: Offenses Known to Law Enforcement, Table 8", "Chicago homicides in 2010 fell to lowest level since 1965", "Crime in the United States 2011 ('Metropolitan Statistical Area')", "Police: Chicago Reports 415 Murders In 2013, Lowest Since 1965", "Chicago's 2014 murder total on track for another low, but shootings rise", "Chicago homicide rate compared: Most big cities don't recover from spikes right away", "Chicago Killings Cost $2.5 Billion as Murders Top N.Y.'s", Carjackings more than double in Chicago during 2020, police say, perhaps as criminals blended in with masked public, Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot says spike in carjackings 'top of mind,' adding 40 more police officers to carjacking unit and gathering regional mayors, "Appeals panel: IL governments can pare back retiree health coverage, if benefits included 'expiration date', "Chicago Public Schools: Selective enrollment", "These Are the Best High Schools in Illinois", "6 CPS High Schools Rank Among Top 10 in Illinois", "Lane Tech College Prep The School of Champions", "Chicago, Illinois Colleges and Universities", "Nielsen Media 20092010 Local Market Estimates", "Window to The World Communications presents WYCC MHz Worldview beginning April 23, 2018 | WTTW Chicago", "Shakey Ground: Arts Magazines Find Chicago's Landscape Still Hostile To New Ventures", "Chicago Daily News II: This Time It's Digital", "The Onion celebrates controversial Chicago move with banjo playing, steak tartare", "Where was Justice League filmed? THE 2020 U.S. [234] The Chicago-style thin crust is also popular in the city. But all three will vote for a turkey. [256] They have won three World Series titles, including the 2016 World Series, but had the dubious honor of having the two longest droughts in American professional sports: They had not won their sport's title since 1908, and had not participated in a World Series since 1945, both records, until they beat the Cleveland Indians in the 2016 World Series. For other uses, see, 2021 United States Census Bureau American Community Survey estimates, Polish Highlanders Alliance of North America, "What Were the Largest Cities Throughout History? 2005: The Chicago White Sox win the World Series and break 88-year title drought, 2010: Chicago Blackhawks win Stanley Cup Championship, 2012: Chicago Red Stars win National Women's Open, 2013: Chicago Blackhawks win Stanley Cup Championship, 2015: Chicago Blackhawks win Stanley Cup Championship, 2016: The Chicago Cubs win World Series; break 108-year title drought and broke the Curse of the Billy Goat. The Willis Tower has an observation deck open to tourists year round with high up views overlooking Chicago and Lake Michigan. At the turn of the 20th century, Chicago was the third-largest Czech city in the world, after Prague and Vienna. Chicago nicknames or aliases (official or unofficial): Chi-Town, City in a Garden, The City of the Big Shoulders, The City . Computer and Internet Use. Jones, Dale E., et al. Chicago's Italian community has historically been based along the Taylor Street and Grand Avenue corridors on the West Side of the city. Swedish Americans make up 0.9% of Chicago's population, and they number at 23,990. [120], Some of the United States' tallest towers are located in Chicago; Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower) is the second tallest building in the Western Hemisphere after One World Trade Center, and Trump International Hotel and Tower is the third tallest in the country. [342], Chicago is the largest hub in the railroad industry. The strength of the party in the city is partly a consequence of Illinois state politics, where the Republicans have come to represent rural and farm concerns while the Democrats support urban issues such as Chicago's public school funding. Future expansion will extend the Riverwalk south an additional 1.8 miles from Lake Street to Ping Tom Memorial Park in Chinatown. A polar vortex in January 2019 nearly broke the city's cold record of 27F (33C), which was set on January 20, 1985. The ethnic makeup of the population is 28% Hispanic and 72% belong to non Hispanic background. attendance at prayer groups by metro area, Learn More: frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups, At least once a week, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who meditate, Compare: 2002. [74], The ratification of the 18th amendment to the Constitution in 1919 made the production and sale (including exportation) of alcoholic beverages illegal in the United States. [30], The city saw an increase of 20,606 people from July 1, 2007 to July 1, 2008, according to census data. The city's main convention center is McCormick Place. Of the remaining third, around 1. 81.8%. The organization established chapters in Gary, Indiana, in 1913, and Butte, Montana, in 1916, and is the oldest existing Muslim organization in the United States. Of all households, 32.6% were made up of individuals, and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. It also has entertainment systems inside the gondolas as well as a climate controlled environment. Many of the city's financial institutions, such as the CBOT and the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, are located within a section of downtown called "The Loop", which is an eight-block by five-block area of city streets that is encircled by elevated rail tracks. Among the 17 largest metropolitan areas, New Yorks Jewish share is matched only by Miami (9%). [220] Also performing regularly at Symphony Center is the Chicago Sinfonietta, a more diverse and multicultural counterpart to the CSO. [77], The Great Depression brought unprecedented suffering to Chicago, in no small part due to the city's heavy reliance on heavy industry. Male full-time workers had a median income of $47,074 versus $42,063 for females. [306], Chicago Public Schools (CPS) is the governing body of the school district that contains over 600 public elementary and high schools citywide, including several selective-admission magnet schools. views about homosexuality by metro area, Learn More: views about homosexuality, Should be accepted, Should be discouraged, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who same-sex marriage, Compare: On June 4, 1998, the city officially opened the Museum Campus, a 10-acre (4ha) lakefront park, surrounding three of the city's main museums, each of which is of national importance: the Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum, the Field Museum of Natural History, and the Shedd Aquarium. On January 27, 2021, Mayor Lightfoot described the worsening wave of carjackings as being 'top of mind,' and added 40 police officers to the CPD carjacking unit. The River North Gallery District features the nation's largest concentration of contemporary art galleries outside of New York City. [262] The Fire have won one league title and four U.S.Open Cups, since their founding in 1997. The ceiling of its Preston Bradley Hall includes a 38-foot (12m) Tiffany glass dome. [59][60], Labor conflicts followed the industrial boom and the rapid expansion of the labor pool, including the Haymarket affair on May 4, 1886, and in 1894 the Pullman Strike. The Chicago Police Department provides law enforcement and the Chicago Fire Department provides fire suppression and emergency medical services for the city and its residents. [238][239][240], A distinctly Chicago sandwich, the Italian beef sandwich is thinly sliced beef simmered in au jus and served on an Italian roll with sweet peppers or spicy giardiniera. Among the nations biggest metro areas, Phoenix has one of the highest concentrations of Mormons (6%). [305], In September 2016, an Illinois state appellate court found that cities do not have an obligation under the Illinois Constitution to pay certain benefits if those benefits had included an expiration date under whichever negotiated agreement they were covered. After successfully running for re-election five times, and becoming Chicago's longest-serving mayor, Richard M. Daley declined to run for a seventh term. After the fire, religious activity kept pace with Chicago's tremendous population growth, from 300,000 in 1870 to 1.3 million in the early 1890s and more than 3 million by the onset of the Great Depression . [326][327], Chicago has also been the setting of a number of television shows, including the situation comedies Perfect Strangers and its spinoff Family Matters, Married with Children, Punky Brewster, Kenan & Kel, Still Standing, The League, The Bob Newhart Show, and Shake It Up. 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA [241], Chicken Vesuvio is roasted bone-in chicken cooked in oil and garlic next to garlicky oven-roasted potato wedges and a sprinkling of green peas. [309] Northside College Preparatory High School is ranked second, Jones College Prep is third, and the oldest magnet school in the city, Whitney M. Young Magnet High School, which was opened in 1975, is ranked fourth. In 1956, the city conducted its last major expansion when it annexed the land under O'Hare airport, including a small portion of DuPage County. [201][202][203] Citadel's CEO Ken Griffin, formerly the richest Illinois resident, had been engaged in a three-year feud with Illinois governor J. [122][123], The Merchandise Mart, once first on the list of largest buildings in the world, currently listed as 44th-largest (as of 9September2013[update]), had its own zipcode until 2008, and stands near the junction of the North and South branches of the Chicago River. 1935: Chicago native, Jay Berwanger was the first recipient of the Heisman Trophy. [287] In 2013, the violent crime rate was 910 per 100,000 people;[289] the murder rate was 10.4 while high crime districts saw 38.9, low crime districts saw 2.5 murders per 100,000. The Chicago metropolitan area has the third largest African American population, behind only New York City and Atlanta. Washington's first term in office directed attention to poor and previously neglected minority neighborhoods. In the summer, many outdoor concerts are given in Grant Park and Millennium Park. [338], In May 2019, The City of Chicago announced its Chicago's Electric Shared Scooter Pilot Program, scheduled to run from June 15 to October 15. [213] The city has many upscale dining establishments as well as many ethnic restaurant districts. In 2015, roughly 4% of the population identified as LGBTQ+. belief in God by metro area, Learn More: belief in God, Believe in God; absolutely certain, Believe in God; fairly certain, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say religion is, Compare: Experience Chicagos most notable music festivals including the Chicago Blues Festival, the Chicago Jazz Festival, Lollapalooza, Pitchfork Music Festival and Riot Fest. The southwest side is also the location of the Polish Highlanders Alliance of North America. Greyhound Lines provides inter-city bus service to and from the city, and Chicago is also the hub for the Midwest network of Megabus (North America). [197] For six consecutive years since 2013, Chicago was ranked the nation's top metropolitan area for corporate relocations. In a normal summer, temperatures reach at least 90F (32C) on as many as 23days, with lakefront locations staying cooler when winds blow off the lake. [129], Chicago is famous for its outdoor public art with donors establishing funding for such art as far back as Benjamin Ferguson's 1905 trust. Finally, two fountains near the Loop also function as monumental works of art: Plensa's Crown Fountain as well as Burnham and Bennett's Buckingham Fountain. In 1990, Chicago's South Side and the adjoining south suburbs constituted the largest black majority region in the entire United States. [125], Chicago gave its name to the Chicago School and was home to the Prairie School, two movements in architecture. [12][13], Chicago is an international hub for finance, culture, commerce, industry, education, technology, telecommunications, and transportation. [224], In 2014[update], Chicago attracted 50.17million domestic leisure travelers, 11.09million domestic business travelers and 1.308million overseas visitors. (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main The services terminate in the San Francisco area, Washington, D.C., New York City, New Orleans, Portland, Seattle, Milwaukee, Quincy, St.Louis, Carbondale, Boston, Grand Rapids, Port Huron, Pontiac, Los Angeles, and San Antonio. By 1935 the Workers Alliance of America begun organizing the poor, workers, the unemployed. [294] and in 2010 Chicago's murder rate fell to 435 (16.14 per 100,000), a 5% decrease from 2009 and lowest levels since 1965. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as "Checagou" was by Robert deLaSalle around 1679 in a memoir. Other notable shows include CBS's The Good Wife and Mike and Molly. The Fourth Presbyterian Church is one of the largest Presbyterian congregations in the United States based on memberships. Of the 1,061,928 households in the 2000 census, 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were married couples living together, 18.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% were non-families. Chicago Population & Age Distribution Total Population 2,696,555 Age Under 5 Years: 6.1% 5 - 17: 14.3% 18 - 24: 9.8% 25 - 34: 20.1% 35 - 54: 25.9% 55 - 64: 11.1% Over 65 Years: 12.7% Educational Attainment of Adults Attending College High School Graduates College Graduated 5.3% 85.9% Well-known chefs who have had restaurants in Chicago include: Charlie Trotter, Rick Tramonto, Grant Achatz, and Rick Bayless. Chicago city, Illinois. Religion in Chicago, Illinois 59.9% of the people in Chicago are religious: - 3.5% are Baptist - 0.4% are Episcopalian - 38.7% are Catholic - 1.9% are Lutheran - 1.4% are Methodist - 1.2% are Pentecostal - 1.7% are Presbyterian - 0.3% are Church of Jesus Christ - 5.1% are another Christian faith - 1.1% are Judaism - 0.6% are an eastern faith Narrative fiction of that time, much of it in the style of "high-flown romance" and "genteel realism", needed a new approach to describe the urban social, political, and economic conditions of Chicago. RELIGIOUS GROUPINGS, Continues decennial series started in 1952, Provides data on specific religious bodies, from the Amish to Zoroastrians, Differentiates among specific bodies within same tradition, Features the only county-level data on U.S. religious adherence, Congregations - the gatheringof persons who meet together regularly for worship, Members - persons with communicant, confirmed, or full membership status, Adherents - members, their children, and the estimated number of other participants who are not considered members, Average weekly attendance - all those who participate in weeklyservices, Participate in the 2030 U.S. Persons per household, 2017-2021. Future services will terminate at Rockford and Moline. The department also reported 762 murders in Chicago for the year 2016, a total that marked a 62.79% increase in homicides from 2015. Only the WASPs hated the Irish, and the WASPs all lived on the North Shore. The Asian represented 5.5% of the population and the Native American population was 0.5% of the population. Note: Further details on the religious makeup of cities (as well as states) are available at our interactive website on the 2014 Religious Landscape Study. They have played more games and have more wins than any other team in Major League baseball since 1876. This is one of the most important centers of Polonia. In 2005, O'Hare was the world's busiest airport by aircraft movements and the second-busiest by total passenger traffic. In 1803, the U.S. Army constructed Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed during the War of 1812 in the Battle of Fort Dearborn by the Potawatomi before being later rebuilt. The Roma first came to Chicago during the large waves of Southern and Eastern European immigration to the United States in the 1880s until World War I. Chicago is not listed as a sister city on the official list of the Greek government. Du Sable was of African descent, perhaps born in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (Haiti), and established the settlement in the 1780s. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males. Frank Gehry's detailed, stainless steel band shell, the Jay Pritzker Pavilion, hosts the classical Grant Park Music Festival concert series. [106] The Chicagoland Chamber of Commerce defines it as all of Cook and DuPage, Kane, Lake, McHenry, and Will counties. Ansari, Azadeh and Rosa Flores (January 2, 2017). [350] The City of Chicago is the world headquarters for United Airlines, the world's third-largest airline. [158], In the 1920s and 1930s, the great majority of African Americans moving to Chicago settled in a socalled "Black Belt" on the city's South Side. [315], Chicago has a network of Lutheran schools,[316] and several private schools are run by other denominations and faiths, such as the Ida Crown Jewish Academy in West Ridge. [194] Illinois is home to 66 Fortune 1000 companies, including those in Chicago.
