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Slider with three articles shown per slide. Internet Explorer). Receipt of COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy and preterm or small-for-gestational-age at birtheight integrated Health Care Organizations, United States, December 15, 2020-July 22, 2021. Blakeway, H. et al. According to the Ontario Science Table's online dashboard, the hospital occupancy rate for the unvaccinated was 611 per million unvaccinated people in the province's population as of Jan. 7,. Pediatr. However, a milder virus could still put pressure . Morb. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. NEW YORK and MAINZ, GERMANY, March 1, 2023 Pfizer Inc. (NYSE: PFE) and BioNTech SE (Nasdaq: BNTX) today submitted an application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) of a booster (fourth) dose of the companies' Omicron BA.4/BA.5-adapted bivalent COVID-19 vaccine in children 6 months through 4 years of age (also referred to as under 5 years). This is consistent with data showing the incidence of positive SARS-CoV-2 test results or death from COVID-19 is higher among unvaccinated adults and adults who have not received a booster than among those who have received a booster or additional dose (5). The Spanish Health Ministry also publishes hospitalization data throughout Spain broken down by vaccination status, although in this case it is based on estimates: to calculate the number of unvaccinated in each age group, they subtract the number of vaccinated from the population in 2020.However, the target population will have grown since then, so it is possible that the ministry's . This correction ensures that there is always a reasonable denominator for the unvaccinated population that would prevent hospitalization rates from growing unrealistically large because of potential overestimates of vaccination coverage. Wkly. Hospitalization rates among non-Hispanic Black adults increased more than rates in other racial/ethnic groups. 139, e20164091 (2017). The state has administered 3.2 million vaccine doses since Dec. 1 alone, but lagging rates between full vaccination and first doses for adults especially (82.6% vs. 95%) are becoming a point of . Dr. Klein reported receiving grants from Pfizer, Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, and Sanofi Pasteur. All adjustment variables were selected a priori based on prior work36. JAMA 326, 16291631 (2021). We thank staff at UKHSA and members of the UK Government SPI-M committee and the UKHSA Variant Technical Group for valuable discussions. Corresponding author: Christopher A. Taylor, iyq3@cdc.gov. A study from the U.K. government, published last week, found that three doses of vaccine. Surveillance officers abstracted data on sampled patients from medical charts. Morb. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Estimated effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against omicron or delta symptomatic infection and severe outcomes. Iowa did not provide immunization data but is included in the overall population-based hospitalization rates. Monthly incidence is based on SARS-CoV-2 positive test result date or, if not known, hospital admission date. In the Omicron variant period, the effectiveness of maternal vaccination in these three age intervals was 21% (CI: 21,48), 14% (CI: 9,32) and 13% (CI: 3,26), respectively. Monthly COVID-19 hospitalization rates were 3.5 to 17.7 times higher in unvaccinated patients than in their vaccinated counterparts, regardless of whether they had received a booster. Individual and neighborhood factors associated with failure to vaccinate against influenza during pregnancy. Gordon, N. & Lin, T. The Kaiser Permanente Northern California adult member health survey. Evan J. Anderson reports grants from Pfizer, Merck, PaxVax, Micron, Sanofi-Pasteur, Janssen, MedImmune, and GlaxoSmithKline; personal fees from Pfizer, Medscape, Kentucky Bioprocessing, Inc., Sanofi-Pasteur, and Janssen, outside the submitted work; and institutional funding from the National Institutes of Health to conduct clinical trials of Moderna and Janssen COVID-19 vaccines. J. Med. NHS Test and Trace statistics (England): methodology. TN, NMF, SFlax, MC, DDA, AMP, and ST conceptualised the work. Wkly. Risk was especially high for people with severe combined immunodeficiency (HR, 6.2). Maryland did not contribute data after December 4, 2021, but did contribute data for previous weeks. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2022. While this proportion might not be representative of the proportion of vaccinated pregnant women within KPNC because of our exclusion criteria, more efforts are needed to promote COVID-19 vaccines for pregnant persons because vaccination provides protection to mothers and their infants until they are old enough to receive their own COVID-19 vaccines. During the Omicron-predominant period, weekly COVID-19associated hospitalization rates (hospitalizations per 100,000 adults) peaked at 38.4, compared with 15.5 during Delta predominance. J. Med. Among these infants, for our main analysis, we excluded 21,891 (35.2%) based on maternal exclusion criteria and 10,412 (16.8%) after applying infant exclusion criteria (Fig. This is a relevant consideration because vaccines can be less effective in persons with a weakened immune system. Vaccination status is not available for Iowa and cases from Iowa are excluded from analyses that examined vaccination status. Effectiveness of BNT162b2 vaccination during pregnancy in preventing hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 in infants. Abbreviation: COVID-NET = COVID-19Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network. All adults should stay up to date with COVID-19 vaccination to reduce their risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization. image, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04474-x, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04479-6, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.18.22269082, https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/national-flu-and-covid-19-surveillance-reports-2021-to-2022-season, Download .pdf (.95 Mortal. In conclusion, in this population-based cohort study, we found that infants born to mothers who received at least two doses of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy were at lower risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were at lower risk of hospitalization during the first 6 months of life compared with infants whose mothers were unvaccinated during pregnancy. All authors reviewed the manuscript. part 56; 42 U.S.C. SARS-CoV-2 delta VOC in Scotland: demographics, risk of hospital admission, and vaccine effectiveness. This is in keeping with the age profile. It is critical that nursing home residents stay up to date with CO VID-19 vaccines and receive a bivalent booster dose to maximize protection against COVID-19. Structural changes in the brain may explain the persistent fatigue and neuropsychiatric complications tied to long COVID. Vaccination offers the best way to protect against COVID-19 and its complications. Garg S, Patel K, Pham H, et al. Zerbo, O., Ray, G.T., Fireman, B. et al. N. Engl. N. Engl. Messer, L. C. et al. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. Rep. 7, 255263 (2022). Accessed March 10, 2022. We further classified vaccination status by the trimester within which the second dose or the unique dose (for those who received only one dose) was received. The efficacy of COVID 19 vaccines for reducing the risk of severe COVID-19 infection is demonstrated in real life. Danino, D. et al. Introduction: A rapid increase in COVID-19 cases due to the spread of the Delta and Omicron variants in vaccinated populations has raised concerns about the hospitalization risk associated with, and the effectiveness of, COVID-19 vaccines. of pages found at these sites. Proportions between the pre-Delta and Delta period were compared using chi-square tests; p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant, adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni correction method. Informed consent was waived because this was a data-only study with no direct contact with participants. J. Med. Persons who received only 1 vaccine dose of a 2-dose series 14 days before the SARS-CoV-2 test date or had received a single dose of either a 1- or 2-dose vaccination series <14 days before the positive SARS-CoV-2 test result were considered partially vaccinated and were not included in rates by vaccination status. 26K views, 1.2K likes, 65 loves, 454 comments, 23 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Citizen TV Kenya: #FridayNight Two recent papers claim there are no differences between surgical masks and respirators for preventing the spread of respiratory diseases like COVID-19 and flu, but the articles are deeply flawed. It showed that boosters further reduced the risk of hospitalization. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Protection during both periods decreased as infants aged from 2 months to 6 months. The Lancet Regional Health Southeast Asia, The Lancet Regional Health Western Pacific, 36-fold higher estimate of deaths attributable to red meat intake in GBD 2019: is this reliable? Foppa, I. M., Haber, M., Ferdinands, J. M. & Shay, D. K. The case test-negative design for studies of the effectiveness of influenza vaccine. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. The rates don't account for non-vaccine-related risks, Mark Jit, professor of vaccine epidemiology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine told Insider in an email. Children born at Kaiser Permanente Northern California from December 15, 2020, through May 31, 2022. Fully-vaccinated in this chart meant one dose of the J&J vaccine or two doses of Pfizer or Moderna. N. Engl. Coinciding with Omicron variant predominance, COVID-19associated hospitalization rates among adults increased in late December 2021 and peaked in January 2022; rates increased more among Black adults relative to rates among adults of other racial and ethnic groups. If SARS-CoV-2 test date was missing, hospitalization admission date was used. After adjusting for covariates, vaccination during pregnancy significantly reduced the risk of the infant testing SARS-CoV-2 positive by 84% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 66, 93) during the first 2 months of life, 62% (95% CI: 39, 77) during the first 4 months of life and 56% (95% CI: 34,71) during the first 6 months of life. Risk of hospitalisation associated with infection with SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 in Denmark: an observational cohort study. We, therefore, were unable to assess whether maternal infection provided some protection to their infants. "The high hospitalization rates in unvaccinated compared with vaccinated persons with and without a booster dose underscores the importance of COVID-19 vaccinations in preventing hospitalizations and suggests that increasing vaccination coverage, including booster dose coverage, can prevent hospitalizations, serious illness, and death," the researchers wrote. Department of Health and Human Services. Using previously described methods (3), investigators collected clinical data on a representative sample of adult patients (7.9%) hospitalized during July 1, 2021January 31, 2022, stratified by age and COVID-NET site. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36547-4, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36547-4. Among the infants in the cohort, 19,418 (64.06%) of the mothers were unvaccinated during pregnancy, 1138 (3.75%) of the mothers received one dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and 9755 (32.18%) received 2 doses during pregnancy (Table1). All authors (O.Z., B.F., N.P.K., T.R., M.G., E.L., P.R., K.G., S.O., and E.L.) critically reviewed the manuscript and decided to proceed with publication. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Among all adults, relative to the Delta-predominant period, COVID-19related illness was the primary reason for admission for a smaller percentage of hospitalizations (87.5% versus 95.5%, p<0.01), and median length of stay was shorter (4 versus 5 days, p<0.01) during the Omicron-predominant period; during this period, the proportion of patients admitted to an intensive care unit, who received invasive mechanical ventilation, and who died in-hospital decreased significantly (all p<0.01). ICU admission status was missing in 1.3% (weighted) of hospitalizations; these hospitalizations are included in other analyses. Implementing strategies that result in the equitable receipt of COVID-19 vaccinations among persons with disproportionately higher hospitalizations rates, including non-Hispanic Black adults, is an urgent public health priority. A recent study found that the mean titer of maternally derived antibodies in infants of vaccinated mothers were higher at age 2 months compared with antibody titers at age 6 months23. Children and COVID-19: state data report. Children currently account for about 18.5% of reported COVID-19 cases in the United States1. IMV status was missing in 1.4% (weighted) of hospitalizations; these hospitalizations are otherwise included elsewhere in the analysis. To obtain A and B, Markers indicate estimates, with vertical lines indicating 95% CIs. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. J., Fireman. In the present study, the mothers of only 32% of infants in the cohort received at least 2 doses during pregnancy. During the Omicron dominant period, maternal vaccination with at least two doses reduced the infants risk of testing SARS-CoV-2 positive by 43% (95% CI: 4, 69) during the first 2 months of life, 36% (95% CI:11, 55) during the first 4 months of life, and 41% (95% CI: 25, 53) during the first 6 months of life (Supplemental Table2). During the study period, home testing became more prevalent. All adults should stay up to date (1) with COVID-19 vaccination to reduce their risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization. Starting the week ending December 4, 2021, Maryland data are not included in weekly rate calculations but are included in previous weeks. Selected counties in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Tennessee, and Utah (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6915e3.htm). But those countries have high vaccination rates, and there, too, Omicron has spread most quickly among younger adults. Iuliano AD, Brunkard JM, Boehmer TK, et al. Background: Risk stratification models have been developed to identify patients that are at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness. Characteristics and maternal and birth outcomes of hospitalized pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19COVID-NET, 13 states, March 1August 22, 2020. Officials have received a growing number of reports of XDR Shigella, which is highly transmissible and resistant to commonly recommended antibiotics, in adults. Adults with a positive result whose SARS-CoV-2 test date was 14 days after the first dose of a 2-dose series but <14 days after receipt of the second dose were considered partially vaccinated. B, Severe outcomes included hospitalization and death. Partially vaccinated adults, and those who received a single dose of a 1-dose product <14 days before the positive SARS-CoV-2 test result were not included in analyses by vaccination status but were included in rates and overall proportions that were not stratified by vaccination status. (2021) Omicron is supercharging the COVID vaccine booster debate. 384, 14121423 (2021). . 41, e81e86 (2022). ** Monthly incidence among adults who received booster or additional doses was calculated by summing the total number of COVID-19 patients with booster or additional doses hospitalized over all days of the month and dividing by the sum of adults with booster or additional doses in the underlying population for each day of the month. This method was also used for calculations in unvaccinated persons and those who received a primary series but not a booster or additional dose.. Dis. Most hospitalized children were unvaccinated, and nearly one in three were Black. Frequency, characteristics and complications of COVID-19 in hospitalized infants. *** An additional 172 (3.4%, 95% CI = 2.7%4.2%) adults were partially vaccinated, 69 (0.9%, 95% CI=0.61.2) received a primary vaccination series <14 days before receiving a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result, and 186 (4.1%) had unknown vaccination status; these groups are not further described in this analysis. The study was conducted among a cohort of infants born between December 15, 2020, and May 31, 2022. COVID-19 vaccine surveillance report: week 6. Aircraft wastewater surveillance could be used with traveler-based surveillance to provide an early warning system for COVID-19 and other pathogens. But the average . Clinical information was abstracted for 5,681 adults with COVID-19associated hospitalization during July 1, 2021January 31, 2022 (Table). Female sex was a protective factor (HR, 0.52), while residence in a nursing home or low-income area was a risk factor. Vaccinated patients were older (68 vs. 57 years), and 62% had at least one comorbidity Admission to the ICU was 20%, and the mortality rate at 30 days was 14%. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. Most QCovid risk groups were tied to an increased risk of post-booster death, except congenital heart disease, asthma, and previous fracture. Persons with multiple, unknown, or missing race accounted for 6.9% (weighted) of all cases. **** ICU admission and IMV are not mutually exclusive categories, and patients could have received both. J. We ran separate models on the time periods associated with the Delta (7/01/2021 to 12/20/2021) and Omicron variants (12/21/2021 to 5/31/2022). 1.04-1.49) after adjusting for age, sex, and vaccine characteristics. CDC is not responsible for the content Baden, L. R. et al. Age-adjusted hospitalization rates among Black adults peaked at 94.7 (January 8, 2022), higher than that among all other racial and ethnic groups, 3.8 times the rate among White adults (24.8) for the same week, and 2.5 times the previous peak (January 16, 2021) among Black adults (37.2). Mountain lions, a bobcat, red foxes, black bears, and skunks represent the latest avian flu cases in mammals. Hospitalization rates during peak Omicron circulation (January 2022) among unvaccinated adults remained 12 times the rates among vaccinated adults who received booster or additional doses and four times the rates among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose. CAS Urban Health 83, 10411062 (2006). 387, 187189 (2022). During the Omicron-predominant period, overall weekly adult hospitalization rates peaked at 38.4 per 100,000, exceeding the previous peak on January 9, 2021 (26.1) and the peak rate during the Delta-predominant period (15.5) (Figure 1). Implementing strategies that result in the equitable receipt of COVID-19 vaccinations, though building vaccine confidence, raising awareness of the benefits of vaccination, and removing barriers to vaccination access among persons with disproportionately higher hospitalizations rates from COVID-19, including Black adults, is an urgent public health priority. Data were available for researchers who meet the criteria for access to Kaiser Permanente Northern California confidential data. These findings are consistent with the diminishing of pregnancy-derived antibodies in infants over time22. Statistical codes are not publicly available but are available from the corresponding author. The population of unvaccinated adults is determined by subtracting the number of adults who received any dose of vaccine, as previously defined, from the population. Acosta AM, Garg S, Pham H, et al. However, infants aged <6 months are not currently eligible for any currently available COVID-19 vaccines and must rely on placentally acquired immunity from their mothers. 45 C.F.R. Over the entire study period, the crude rate of hospitalization with a SARS-CoV-2 positive test was lower during the first 6 months of life among infants whose mothers received at least two doses . and statistical significance was assessed at two-sided p0.05. This was the highest age-adjusted weekly rate observed among any racial and ethnic group during the pandemic. Iowa does not provide data on vaccination status. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:1328. It is possible that this practice may have led to some misclassification of the outcome, and we were unable to assess whether this misclassification was differential between vaccinated and unvaccinated mothers. COVID-19Associated Hospitalizations Among Adults During SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron Variant Predominance, by Race/Ethnicity and Vaccination Status COVID-NET, 14 States, July 2021January 2022. Google Scholar. About half of long-COVID patients who were on sick leave at 4 months were still on sick leave at 2 years. In this primary design, all eligible infants meeting inclusion criteria were included without sampling which improved power and minimized bias related to selection. New federal data shows adults who received the updated shots cut their risk of being hospitalized with . Adults whose vaccination status had not yet been verified using the immunization information system data were considered to have unknown vaccination status and were included in total proportions but not stratified by vaccination status. We were not able to evaluate more detailed measures of relative clinical severity in hospitalised patients (such as intensive care unit admittance), but our finding that estimated severity reductions comparing omicron with delta are larger for more severe endpoints (death and hospital admission versus hospital attendance) agrees with observations that the proportion of hospitalised COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care or mechanical ventilation (or both) has been substantially lower during the omicron wave in England than the preceding delta wave.

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