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Attali, Jacques (1995), Verbatim, Volume 3, Paris, Fayard. Bryony was travelling to the United States with her mother Yvonne Owen from Wales, to spend Christmas in Boston. appreciated. Al-Megrahi later sent to jail in Glasgow. The child was the first victim to arrive at what became a makeshift mortuary, but the young constable never discovered who she was, until a chance meeting with the farmer's son finally solved the mystery. It was heartbreaking. Gauci then identified al-Megrahi for the court, stating, "He is the man on this side. AP Photo/Scott Heppell . [citation needed], At 19:02:44, Alan Topp, the clearance delivery officer at Shanwick, transmitted its oceanic route clearance. [61], Known as the Lockerbie bombing and the Lockerbie air disaster in the UK, it was described by Scotland's Lord Advocate as the UK's largest criminal inquiry led by the smallest police force in Britain, Dumfries and Galloway Constabulary.[62]. He was the youngest officer on duty at Lockerbie, Pan Am 103 was blown up over Lockerbie, killing all 259 passengers and crew on board. The "Shatter Zone" Portion Of The Reconstructed Fuselage Of Pan Am Flight 103, Which Exploded Over Lockerbie In 1988 Is On Display January 31, 2001. Over three years, investigators from the United States, Britain, Germany and other countries questioned more than 15,000 people in more than 30 countries and collected thousands of pieces of evidence. First, there was the Gulf of Sidra incident (1981) when two Libyan fighter aircraft were shot down by two US Navy F-14 Tomcat fighters. In Lockerbie, Downing of Pan Am Flight 103 Still Casts a Long Shadow Then, two Libyan radio ships were sunk in the Gulf of Sidra. A 2012 Libyan interrogation report claiming he admitted to making the Lockerbie bomb had made its way to US authorities, and in 2020, the FBI traveled to Tunisia to interview the former Libyan official who had taken Masuds statement. [102], After the United States government obtained custody of Mas'ud, heads of the Defense and Foreign Affairs Committees of the Libyan Parliament, Talal al-Mihoub and Youssef al-Aqouri, demanded an urgent investigation into the extradition of Mas'ud, calling it a blatant violation of national sovereignty and an infringement of the rights of the Libyan citizen. Accused Pan Am Flight 103 bomber brought to US, but Shrewsbury mom says All were originally hired by Pan Am and seniority ranged from 9 months to 28 years. Items of baby clothing, which were subsequently proven to have been made in Malta, were thought to have come from the same suitcase. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. 270 people were killed in the air and on the ground when Pan Am Flight 103 exploded over Lockerbie in 1988 (Image: Daily Record) Two police officers at nose cone of aeroplane that crashed in Lockerbie The following year, Libya agreed to pay $2.7 billion in compensation to families of those killed paving the way for UN sanctions against the country to be lifted. It was like war for them, said Lockerbie resident Moira Shearer, speaking of the young soldiers who had never seen death before. [42], The anonymous warning was taken seriously by the US government and the State Department cabled the bulletin to dozens of embassies. Lockerbie - BBC News Lives are forever changed. The defence team had 14 days in which to appeal against Megrahi's conviction, and an additional six weeks to submit the full grounds of the appeal. Six of the 13 cabin crew members became naturalized US citizens while working for Pan Am. [19] One of the Frankfurt security screeners, whose job was to spot explosive devices under X-ray, told ABC News that she had first learned what Semtex (a plastic explosive) was during her ABC interview 11 months after the bombing. His survival beyond the approximate "three-month" prognosis generated some controversy. Mebo's owner, Edwin Bollier, testified at the trial that the Scottish police had originally shown him a fragment of a brown eight-ply circuit board from a prototype timer which had never been supplied to Libya. Tests were carried out on the bodies of 233 of the victims. [74][75][76], On 28 June 2007, the SCCRC announced its decision to refer Megrahi's case to the High Court for a second appeal against conviction. Air Crash Investigation - Black Box Sky Crimes, PSA Flight 1771, FedEx Flight 705 , Pan Am Flight. While in Lockerbie, 7 years after the flight, she meets the women who witnessed and were affected by the crash itself while she attempts to find closure. Anything recovered was meticulously cataloged. UK ministers explained that it was for the Scottish Government to decide if it wants to hold its own, more limited, inquiry into the worst terrorist attack on British soil. "[135], Another top legal firm in the US, Speiser Krause, which represented 60 relatives, of whom half were UK families, concluded contingency deals securing them fees of between 28 and 35% of individual settlements. News4's Derrick Ward reports about what that means for loved ones of some of the local victims. We update each other on what both organizations are doing, we have regular face-to-face meetings, whether in the U.S. or Scotland, and we keep in contact., If I had a message to tell the families and people around the world, Cossar added, it is that this is very much a live investigation, and we are hopeful that at some point in the future we will have potentially another trial and possibly another conviction.. [158] A memorial plaque and garden in memory of its two students lost in the bombing is set in the University of Rochester's Eastman Quadrangle. "[52] A deep-cover CIA agent was told by up to 15 high-level Syrian officials that the PFLP-GC was involved and that officials interacted with Jibril "on a constant basis". When, however, the evidence regarding the clothing, the purchaser, and the timer is taken with the evidence that an unaccompanied bag was taken from KM180 to PA103A, the inference that that was the primary suitcase becomes, in our view, irresistible. Its still an open case, and I know the FBI is still working with the Scottish Crown Office. This had never been done in a Scottish court, said Tom McCulloch, who was a police officer with the Dumfries and Galloway Constabulary when the Lockerbie air disaster occurred. My task was to figure out how to support 270 families through a trial in another country, she said. The nose cone was briefly held on by a band of metal, but facing aft, like the lid of a can. An official website of the United States government. It was just a case of moving on then, but in years since it was something that bothered me. Unseen Lockerbie photos taken by a man haunted by a young woman's body . [citation needed] The bombing is also compared with the death of actor Brandon Lee on the track Gold off of hip-hop artist GZAs 1995 album Liquid Swords, in the lyric, "Snake got smoked on the set like Brandon Lee, blown out the frame like Pan Am Flight 103. What's the least amount of exercise we can get away with? Megrahi's lawyers applied to the Scottish Criminal Cases Review Commission (SCCRC) on 23 September 2003 to have his case referred back to the Court of Criminal Appeal for a fresh appeal against conviction. At Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia, a memorial cairn constructed of 270 stonesone for each of the victims of Pan Am Flight 103 who came from 21 different countriesis the sight of an annual service on the anniversary of the disaster, December 21. We very much had a tradition where the court building was sacrosanct, McCulloch said. [159], At Cornell University funds from the Libyan payment were used to establish a memorial professorship in honor of student Kenneth J. [137], A civil action against Libya continued until 18 February 2005 on behalf of Pan Am and its insurers, which went bankrupt partly as a result of the attack. In August 2009, he was released by the Scottish government on compassionate grounds after being diagnosed with prostate cancer. Within days, the FrankfurtLondonNew YorkDetroit route was being served by Pan Am Flight 3 until the company's demise in 1991. Two hundred and fifty-nine people on board the New York-bound Boeing 747 were killed, along with 11 people on the ground. In December 1988, Franks family were wracked by grief as it became clear he had perished along with 258 other passengers and crew in the explosion on his way home to the US for Christmas on the night of the 21st. Building relationships, said Marquise, is one of the most fundamental lessons from the Pan Am Flight 103 investigation. [5], In 2020, US authorities indicted the Tunisia resident and Libyan national Abu Agila Mohammad Mas'ud Kheir Al-Marimi, who was 37 years old at the time of the incident[6] for participating in the bombing, and in December 2022, they obtained custody of him. In 2003, Gaddafi accepted Libya's responsibility for the Lockerbie bombing and paid compensation to the families of the victims, although he maintained that he had never given the order for the attack. At the 20th anniversary service at Arlington National Cemetery to commemorate the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103, former FBI Director Robert Mueller greeted Scottish and U.S. investigators who worked on the investigation. I don't know if many of us could have survived if we didn't have each other, said Glenn Johnson, a Pennsylvania resident whose 21-year-old daughter, Beth Ann, was killed in the bombing. After hospital treatment ended, he returned to his family home. [97] Scottish First Minister Alex Salmond said that people should use the occasion to remember the Lockerbie victims. . On Dalkamoni's account bombs made by Khreesat were at large somewhere. I find it encouraging, she said, that we are still on their minds, and their presence convinces me of that. The same source claims that, following this, "the shaking stopped and to his surprise he was uninjured". 2. Shortly after 19:00 on 21 December 1988, while the aircraft was in flight over the Scottish town of Lockerbie, it was destroyed by a bomb that had been planted on board, killing all 243 passengers and 16 crew in what became known as the Lockerbie bombing. I think that we have accomplished a lot, and that, to me, is how I have been able to handle it., With scholarships and endowments, Johnsons wife, Carole, added, we have been able to fulfill some of Beth Anns dreams for other people. I said, no, they havent stopped, they wont ever stop.. On 31 January 2001, Megrahi was convicted of murder by a panel of three Scottish judges, and sentenced to life imprisonment, but Fhimah was acquitted. A lock () or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Pan Am Flight 103 Crash Documentary - Lockerbie Disaster Hugh said he was still strapped in his seat and had his sleeves rolled up. He went on to describe the families of the Lockerbie victims as very greedy: "They were asking for more money and more money and more money". 1 The disputed territory of Western Sahara is mostly occupied and administered by Morocco; the Polisario Front claims the territory in militating for the establishment an independ Tap into Getty Images' global scale, data-driven insights, and network of more than 340,000 creators to create content exclusively for your brand. Looking back, it was building those relationships that allowed us to come together to share information that led to an eventual solution in the case.. The transatlantic leg of the route was operated by Clipper Maid of the Seas, a Boeing 747-121 registered N739PA. [82] Maggie Scott also asked for documents relating to an alleged payment of $2million made to Maltese merchant, Tony Gauci, for his testimony at the trial, which led to the conviction of Megrahi. A terrorist bomb destroyed the airliner on 21 December, 1988, killing all 259 passengers and crew on board. The plane had reached a height of approximately 31,000 feet (9,500 metres) and was preparing for the oceanic portion of the flight when a timer-activated bomb detonated. Streamline your workflow with our best-in-class digital asset management system. Kchler described the decisions of the trial and appeal courts as a "spectacular miscarriage of justice". A substantial quantity of such timers had been supplied to Libya. Hugh mentioned Dads dark hair and asked whether his children had it too. While no doubt organisations such as the PFLP-GC and the PPSF were also engaged in terrorist activities during the same period, we are satisfied that there was no evidence from which we could infer that they were involved in this particular act of terrorism, and the evidence relating to their activities does not create a reasonable doubt in our minds about the Libyan origin of this crime.[70]. It was held at a former U.S. Air Force base in the Netherlands called Camp Zeist, which was converted into a Scottish court as well as a detention facility for the two defendants. This place is special. The first thing was to really try to understand what the families wanted and expected, she explained. In many homes, dinner plates had been cleared away, televisions were tuned to This Is Your Life, and parents were wrapping presents. The wreckage from Pan Am Flight 103 that exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland December 21, 1988. Had his parents' bodies been recovered, the entire family would be buried there together. Frank Granito of Speiser Krause noted that "the rewards in the US are more substantial than anywhere else in the world but nobody has questioned the fee whilst the work has been going on, it is only now as we approach a resolution when the criticism comes your way. . [168], The bombing of Flight 103 has been depicted in many documentaries, such as Air Crash Investigation and the BBC. In fact, many have vowed never to forget, to make sure the lessons of Lockerbie are not lost on future generations. Kathryn Turman, assistant director of the FBIs Victim Services Division, at the time headed the Office for Victims of Crime at the Department of Justice and was asked to create an assistance plan for families of the victims during the trial. May 2018: Scottish Criminal Cases Review Commission probes Megrahis conviction. The U.S. arrest of Libyan man Abu Agila Mas'ud accused of making the bomb that exploded on board Pan Am Flight 103 in 1988 has renewed attention on the incident. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Colin chose not to use his position in the police to find out who the child was, feeling that it would have been unprofessional to do so. This was just a catastrophe. At the end of his shift, he would see the laundry ladies arriving. He died on May 20, 2012. Dad was cremated so we dont have a grave or marker to visit. The clear inference which we draw from this evidence is that the conception, planning and execution of the plot which led to the planting of the explosive device was of Libyan origin. In a matter of hours, thousands of police officers, firefighters, military personnel, and other volunteers converged on rural Lockerbie. They believed he must have died horrifically in the appalling devastation of the main fuselage crash site in Lockerbie where most of the passengers were found. The lecture, "It was known as the place where nothing ever happens. These aviators lost their pensions, healthcare, savings, and livelihoods when . "[48][49], Muammar Gaddafi took responsibility for the Lockerbie bombing and paid compensation to the victims' families in 2003, though he maintained that he had not ordered the attack. The Boeing 747, known as the Clipper Maid of the Seas, left London Heathrow with 243 passengers and 16 crew members, including 189 Americans. On 26 August 2011, it was announced that the whereabouts of Al-Megrahi were unknown due to the social upheaval in Libya and that he had not been in contact for some time. Victoria Cummock's husband was among the 259 passengers who died after a bomb exploded on Pan Am Flight 103 on Dec. 21, 1988, just north of the England-Scotland border. [60] Bollier claimed that in 1991 he had declined an offer of $4million from the FBI (equivalent to $7.2 million in 2021 dollars) in exchange for his support of the main line of inquiry, though this claim has never been verified. Several other houses and their foundations were destroyed, and 21 others were damaged beyond repair. As many as 25 homes were destroyed. Dr Jim Swire, 82, whose daughter Flora died in the bombing, said: We deserve to know who murdered our loved ones and why it was not prevented.. [3] Acceptance of responsibility was part of a series of requirements laid out by a UN resolution for sanctions against Libya to be lifted. The Lockerbie bombing took place on December 21, 1988, when Pan Am Flight 103 was blown out of the sky. Malta was brought into the case because the prosecution argued that the two accused Libyans, Abdelbaset al-Megrahi and Lamin Khalifah Fhimah, had placed the bomb on an Air Malta aircraft before it was transferred at Frankfurt airport to a feeder flight destined for London's Heathrow airport, from which Pan Am Flight 103 departed. Like many people in Lockerbie, Colin has formed a close bond with relatives of the American victims, taking them on tours of the area so they can better understand what happened to their loved ones. Gaddafi later retracted Ghanem's comments, under pressure from Washington and London. For the families who lost loved ones; for the Scottish police officers, firefighters, and volunteers who responded to an unprecedented disaster; for investigators and prosecutors who dedicated years of effort to the case; and for the residents of Lockerbie, there is no forgetting December 21, 1988. All Rights Reserved. On December 21, 1988, Pan Am Flight 103 exploded 31,000 feet over Lockerbie, Scotland, 38 minutes after takeoff from London. The FBI has worked tirelessly through the years., Weipz spoke in public recently about Pan Am Flight 103, and there were people in the audience who were shocked when they learned the FBI investigation was still open. [139] Interviewed by French newspaper Le Figaro on 7 December 2007, Saif al-Islam Gaddafi said that the seven Libyans convicted for the Pan Am Flight 103 and the UTA Flight 772 bombings "are innocent". The plane, which operated the flight's transatlantic leg, pushed back from the terminal at 18:04 and took off from runway 27R at 18:25, bound for New York JFK Airport and then Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport. As the forward fuselage continued to disintegrate, the flying debris tore off both of the horizontal stabilizers, while the rear fuselage, the remaining three engines, and the fin torque box separated. He had visited the property store in Lockerbie where the victims personal effects were cared for. Eleven Lockerbie residents on Sherwood Crescent were killed when the wing section hit the house at 13 Sherwood Crescent at more than 800km/h (500mph) and exploded, creating a crater 47m (154ft) long and with a volume of 560m3 (730cuyd). terrorist bombing, over Lockerbie, Scotland, United Kingdom [1988]. The firm's fees could exceed US$300million eventually. Weipz is also president of the advocacy group Victims of Pan Am Flight 103, Inc. Kara Weipz, whose brother, Richard Monetti, was killed on Pan Am Flight 103, stands at a memorial to the victims at Syracuse University. [63], Megrahi served just over 10 years of his sentence (beginning 5 April 1999),[64] first in Barlinnie prison, Glasgow, and later in Greenock prison, Renfrewshire, throughout which time he maintained that he was innocent of the charges against him. [20]:44 Due to the extreme flutter, the vertical stabilizer disintegrated, which in turn produced large yawing movements. [30][31], Aboard the flight were U.S. Department of State Diplomatic Security Service (DSS) Special Agents Daniel Emmett O'Connor and Ronald Albert Lariviere. It offered us some comfort to know my fathers body had been looked after, to hope that he had lost consciousness and that his experience of what happened to him was minimal. Retired Special Agent Dick Marquise was assigned to lead the FBIs investigation. This Timeline displays events related to the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 and was created by the Pan Am Flight 103/Lockerbie Air Disaster Archives at Syracuse University to commemorate the 25th Anniversary of the tragedy. Pan Am flight 103, also called Lockerbie bombing, flight of a passenger airliner operated by Pan American World Airways (Pan Am) that exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland, on December 21, 1988, after a bomb was detonated. [20] The property was completely destroyed and its two occupants were killed. There was not an emergency plan as such at the time, said Stuart Cossar, a Police Scotland detective inspector who until his recent retirement was the deputy senior investigating officer for the ongoing investigation. The grounds of the appeal rested on two areas of evidence where the defence claimed the original court was mistaken: the evidence of Maltese shopkeeper, Tony Gauci, which the judges accepted as sufficient to prove that the "primary suitcase" started its journey in Malta; and, disputing the prosecution's case, fresh evidence would be adduced to show that the bomb's journey actually started at Heathrow. The Scottish town of Lockerbie in the aftermath of the bombing of Pan Am flight 103 in December 1988. U.S. Said to Be Near Charges for Another Suspect in 1988 Lockerbie Bombing. BBC News | UK | Lockerbie pair 'could have survived' Pan Am Flight 103: A look back at the Lockerbie bombing Back then, these wreckage-littered fields six miles outside the Scottish town bore witness to the horrifying bombing of Pan-Am flight 103 in the skies above. Boards are the best place to save images and video clips. A News Reporter at Lockerbie - Smithsonian Magazine When you consider that some of the most critical exhibits, or productions, of the case were found 80 miles from Lockerbie, Cossar said, it shows you the scale of the search., A crime scene for me was normally a house or a room or a field with a person lying in it, said Bell, whose sector included the hard-hit Rosebank neighborhood. I think the bigger message is that this was an act of terrorism. 2023 Getty Images. It was a place where family members were shielded from the inquiring media and where U.S. and Scottish personnelsome police investigators who had worked on the case years beforeacted as family liaison officers, providing support from the moment family members walked in the door.. The documents are understood to relate to the Mebo MST-13 timer that allegedly detonated the PA103 bomb. A Warner Bros. A Libyan intelligence official accused of making the bomb that brought down Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland, in 1988 in an international act of terrorism has been taken into U.S . Many of them come up here for Remembrance Week. "[79] Kchler also highlighted the role of intelligence services in the trial and stated that proper judicial proceedings could not be conducted under conditions in which extrajudicial forces are allowed to intervene. Lockerbie victim's grandkids' friendship with farmers who found his Airlines bent over backwards to book people on overnight flights. Nothing could have prepared you.. On Dec. 21, 1988, Pan Am Flight 103, en route from London's Heathrow Airport to New York, exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland, killing all 243 passengers, 16 crew members and 11 people on the ground . According to a CIA analysis dated 22 December 1988, several groups were quick to claim responsibility in telephone calls in the United States and Europe: The list's author noted, "We consider the claims from the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution as the most credible one received so far," but the analysis concluded, "We cannot assign responsibility for this tragedy to any terrorist group at this time.
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