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The Micral computer series debuted their first computer in early 1973. Each credit card-sized Arduino board consisted of an inexpensive microcontroller and signal connectors which made Arduinos ideal for use in any application connecting to or monitoring the outside world. The 6600 retained the distinction of being the fastest computer in the world until surpassed by its successor, the CDC 7600, in 1968. Combined with an enhanced bus interface unit, the microprocessor doubled the performance of the 386 without increasing the clock rate. The Nova line of computers continued through the 1970s, and influenced later systems like the Xerox Alto and Apple 1. The Pi weighed only 45 grams and initially sold for only $25-$35 U.S. It was developed as a versatile instrument controller for HP's growing family of programmable test and measurement products. Students included future computing pioneers such as Maurice Wilkes, Claude Shannon, David Rees, and Jay Forrester. Hungarian-born von Neumann demonstrated prodigious expertise in hydrodynamics, ballistics, meteorology, game theory, statistics, and the use of mechanical devices for computation. Over 30 were completed, including one delivered to Australia. Which software was the first available for microcomputers? Typically, computer users of the time fed their programs into a computer using punched cards or paper tape. Windows NT was a version of Windows that included a graphical interface on top of a DOS kernel. The Video Display Module (VDM) marks the first implementation of a memory-mapped alphanumeric video display for personal computers. The IAS computer was designed for scientific calculations and it performed essential work for the US atomic weapons program. For its January issue, hobbyist magazine Popular Electronics runs a cover story of a new computer kit the Altair 8800. Weighing 24 pounds and costing $1,795, the Osborne 1 is the first mass-produced portable computer. Its Williams-Kilburn tube memory system was later adopted by several other early computer systems around the world. Graduation rates are lower in online schools. Which instructional software function would probably be the most appropriate choice for allowing students to discover rules for genetics? selecting effective instructional software. The first stored-program computer to be built in continental Europe was the MESM, completed in the Soviet Union in 1950. the _____ screen is the first screen displayed. Designed to replace the 32-bit VAX architecture, the Alpha is a 64-bit reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microprocessor. Which software was the first available for microcomputers? Get started for free! The Arduino used a Java-based integrated development environment and users could access a library of programs, called Wiring, that allowed for simplified programming. The MOS 6502 was introduced at a conference in San Francisco at a cost of $25, far less than comparable processors from Intel and Motorola, leading some attendees to believe that the company was perpetrating a hoax. An ecologist, for example, could sprinkle thousands of motes from the air onto a field and measure soil and air temperature, moisture, and sunlight, giving them accurate real-time data about the environment. The computer had to be rugged and fast, with advanced circuit design and reliable packaging able to withstand the forces of a missile launch. In 1983 Zojirushi introduced a rice cooker that was among the first consumer-oriented products to rely on fuzzy logic. Built as an electro-mechanical means of decrypting Nazi ENIGMA-based military communications during World War II, the British Bombe is conceived of by computer pioneer Alan Turing and Harold Keen of the British Tabulating Machine Company. The company sold about 200 machines, losing $500 per unit. Only one month later, another one million Raspberry Pis were delivered. This keyboard design was dubbed the Butterfly. The need for such a design was lessened as laptop screens grew wider. Friedl used the SCAMP prototype to gain approval within IBM to promote and develop IBMs 5100 family of computers, including the most successful, the 5150, also known as the IBM Personal Computer (PC), introduced in 1981. System/360 is a major event in the history of computing. The ad featured the destruction of Big Brother a veiled reference to IBM -- through the power of personal computing found in a Macintosh. IBM's brand recognition, along with a massive marketing campaign, ignites the fast growth of the personal computer market with the announcement of its own personal computer (PC). After successfully demonstrating a proof-of-concept prototype in 1939, Professor John Vincent Atanasoff receives funds to build a full-scale machine at Iowa State College (now University). The inside of the Amiga case is engraved with the signatures of the Amiga designers, including Jay Miner as well as the paw print of his dog Mitchy. Which of the following is not a significant challenge in regard to assessing students who are English language learners (ELLs)? Store the results for future use Hardware the electronical and mechanical equipment that makes up a computer. Dell dropped out of school to focus on his business and in 1985, the company produced the first computer of its own design, the Turbo PC, which sold for $795. Spreadsheet Download now! Microcomputer Applications - Quiz 1. Lisa itself, and especially its GUI, were inspired by earlier work at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. The Apple Newton Personal Digital Assistant. Selling for $1,750, the Micral never penetrated the U.S. market. Mathematician George Stibitz recommends using a relay-based calculator for the project. That same year in Germany, engineer Konrad Zuse built his Z2 computer, also using telephone company relays. The 470V/6 was the companys first product and ran the same software as IBM System/370 computers but cost less and was smaller and faster. The Amiga sold for $1,295 (without monitor) and had audio and video capabilities beyond those found in most other personal computers. Its founders were Ken and Stan Olsen, and Harlan Anderson. service packs. It used $120 worth of electronics components, as outlined in the September 1973 issue of hobbyist magazine Radio Electronics. Dollars. answer choices True Fasle Question 3 30 seconds Q. . It was originally created for a nuclear missile design project in 1949 by a team led by Fred Steele. Intel and Zilog introduced new microprocessors. The system was kept at NASA Ames Research Center until 2013, when it was removed to make way for two new supercomputers. Bruce Arthur Artwick (born January 1, 1953) [1] is an American software engineer. Select the power connector that is specified by the ATX Version 2.2 standard, which allows more power to the motherboard for PCI Express (PCIe) devices. As Apples first new product under the leadership of a returning Steve Jobs, many consider this the most significant step in Apple's return from near-bankruptcy in the middle 1990s. See Answer. For easy replacement, designers placed each transistor circuit inside a "bottle," similar to a vacuum tube. With the success of the clone, Compaq recorded first-year sales of $111 million, the most ever by an American business in a single year. These tables were later confirmed by using more modern computers for the actual flights. In 1939, Bell Telephone Laboratories completes this calculator, designed by scientist George Stibitz. The 701 introduction also marked the beginning of IBMs entry into the large-scale computer market, a market it came to dominate in later decades. Total Cards. The original design included two memory boards and could generate and store 512 characters as 16 lines of 32 characters. What do research studies tend to confirm about online learning? The TRS-80 was priced at $599.95, included a Z80 microprocessor, video display, 4 KB of memory, a built-in BASIC programming language interpreter, cassette storage, and easy-to-understand manuals that assumed no prior knowledge on the part of the user. More than 50 PDP-1s were sold. The TI99/4 had a wide variety of expansion boards, with an especially popular speech synthesis system that could also be used with TI's Speak & Spell educational game. The line was discontinued less than two years later. Upgrade to Quizlet Plus to study with no ads, offline access and even more premium features, like image uploading and scanning to create sets. A driver education teacher might use this kind of software to let students "practice" driving before actually getting in a car. Online retailer Amazon released the Kindle, one of the first to gain a large following among consumers. The Motorola 68000 microprocessor exhibited a processing speed far greater than its contemporaries. Apple's Macintosh Portable meets with little success in the marketplace and leads to a complete redesign of Apple's line of portable computers. A British government contract spurred its initial development but a change in government led to loss of funding and the second and only other Mark I was sold at a major loss to the University of Toronto, where it was re-christened FERUT. high interaction between students and the teacher. Led by curator Doron Swade the team built Babbages machine in six years, using techniques that would have been available to Babbage at the time, proving that Babbages design was accurate and that it could have been built in his day. MADDIDA (Magnetic Drum Digital Differential Analyzer) prototype. The Commodore 64 was one of the most popular microcomputers of its era, and is the best-selling model of home computers of all time. The air defense system used two AN/FSQ-7 computers, each of which used a full megawatt of power to drive its 55,000 vacuum tubes, 175,000 diodes and 13,000 transistors. Computer Science. The PROMs What made the Sacramento State computer both so unique--and so expensive--was the programmable read-only memory on its motherboard. What type of integration strategy is a teacher using when she has her students link up with local writers who critique the students' stories and email them feedback before their work is finalized and posted online? The touchscreen enabled smartphone also had built-in GPS navigation, high-definition camera, texting, calendar, voice dictation, and weather reports. Created by Presper Eckert and John Mauchly -- designers of the earlier ENIAC computer -- the Univac 1 used 5,200 vacuum tubes and weighed 29,000 pounds. In all, about 200 of the boards were sold before Apple announced the follow-on Apple II a year later as a ready-to-use computer for consumers, a model which sold in the millions for nearly two decades. Xerox PARC physicist Gary Starkweather realizes in 1967 that exposing a copy machines light-sensitive drum to a paper original isnt the only way to create an image. Colossus reduced the time to break Lorenz messages from weeks to hours. Running on dual IBM 7090 mainframe computer systems, SABRE was inspired by IBMs earlier work on the SAGE air-defense system. Information systems whose purpose is to glean from raw data relationships and trends that might help organizations compete better are called business intelligence (BI) systems. A full-scale working replica of the ABC was completed in 1997, proving that the ABC machine functioned as Atanasoff had claimed. What set the 486 apart was its optimized instruction set, with an on-chip unified instruction and data cache and an optional on-chip floating-point unit. It performed 2 million instructions per second, but other RISC-based computers worked significantly faster. The camera had a maximum resolution of 0.11 megapixels a 256-color display, and photos could be shared wirelessly. This very small home computer is available in the UK as a kit for 79 or pre-assembled for 99. The Tandem-16 eventually led to the Non-Stop series of systems, which were used for early ATMs and to monitor stock trades. Until recently, good microcomputer software for multimedia presentations was not available, but was much in demand by businesses. Intel introduced the 8086 in June 1978. The primary distinguishing characteristic of modern computers is ____. Many of the 1101s basic architectural details were used again in later Remington-Rand computers until the 1960s. Paragon systems were used in many scientific areas, including atmospheric and oceanic flow studies, and energy research. The LINC is an early and important example of a personal computer, that is, a computer designed for only one user. Their first product, the HP 200A Audio Oscillator, rapidly became a popular piece of test equipment for engineers. When was the word "computer" first used? Built in Sydney, Australia by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research for use in its Radio physics Laboratory in Sydney, CSIRAC was designed by British-born Trevor Pearcey, and used unusual 12-hole paper tape. So in 1971, Starkweather transferred to Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), away from corporate oversight. The TI 99/4 sold well and led to a series of TI follow-on machines. Developed by the Japanese government to create global climate models, the Earth Simulator is a massively parallel, vector-based system that costs nearly 60 billion yen (roughly $600 million at the time). Acorn's ARM RISC microprocessor is first used in the company's Archimedes computer system. Apple makes a splash with its Bondi Blue iMac, which sells for about $1,300. SSEC goes on display IBM Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator (SSEC) The 6502 and its progeny are still used today, usually in embedded applications. Xerox wasnt interested. Incorporating a version of Apple's iOS operating system, as well as sensors for environmental and health monitoring, the Apple Watch was designed to be incorporated into the Apple environment with compatibility with iPhones and Mac Books. Demand called for more than 12,000 of the 1401 computers, and the machines success made a strong case for using general-purpose computers rather than specialized systems. It offered increased performance and storage capacity over the original IBM PC and sold for about $4,000. It was a commercial computer based on a microprocessor, the Intel 8008. What type of web-based creation is produced when students submit their written or artistic products to a website? The first commercially advertised US computer based on a microprocessor (the Intel 8008,) the Scelbi has 4 KB of internal memory and a cassette tape interface, as well as Teletype and oscilloscope interfaces. To protect it from earthquakes, the building housing it was built using a seismic isolation system that used rubber supports. The Air incorporated many of the technologies that had been associated with Apple's MacBook line of laptops, including integrated camera, and Wi-Fi capabilities. While larger than the previous G4 towers, the G5 had comparatively limited space for expansion. Output was displayed on the users home TV screen through use of an adapter. The new chip made graphical operating environments for IBM PC and PC-compatible computers practical. "We are trying to build a machine to do all kinds of different things simply by programming rather than by the addition of extra apparatus," Turing said at a symposium on large-scale digital calculating machinery in 1947 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It was the fastest computer in the world from November 2009 to June 2010. Designer Thi Truong developed the computer while Philippe Kahn wrote the software. System/360 was aimed at both business and scientific customers and all models could run the same software, largely without modification.

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